Complex example: Video Brief, Rationale & Script – Professional Video Creation (Part 5)

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The video that was created is shown here:

Video Brief:

What’s My video’s purpose?

To show how to configure Flowgorithm to use and display the proper conventions for flow chart symbols

Why

To ensure that students configure flowgorithm to show standard flowchart convention as expected by NCSE and CSEC

Who

Form 3, 4 students  with a basic understanding of algorithms and looping: Pre-requisites: Algorithm, flowchart , while loop   Students will be directed to watch this video by me after I instruct them to install flowgorithm. Some may be browsing my videos on youtube, so the  idea is to convert them to use flowgorithm with the required configuration.    

What’s my video’s content?

Am I making a tutorial? marketing a product/service? Explanatory video?

Tutorial

Change the default chart style for flowgorithm   Click on Edit Click on Choose Chart Style Choose Classic from the dropdown list Click OK    

Video Script:

Using the Correct Flow-Chart Symbols in Flowgorithm

Ensuring that you use the proper conventions expected by CXC and NCSE

TARGET DURATION:

1 minute

AUDIENCE:

Form 2 and 3 students who have been introduced to flowgorithm by previous  demonstration in the classroom

GOAL:

For students: To ensure that students know how to configure flowgorithm for use in their IT SBA.

For me: To strengthen trust between my students and I, To set the tone that I am their subject matter expert in a non invasive manner, letting my content speak for itself; To get my students to look forward to my next video because it gets to the point .

Narration:

Welcome students to a quick minute tutorial on how to configure flowgorithm for use in CXC and NCSE examinations.

Flowgorithm is an awesome graphical programming language that you can use to generate flowcharts , trace tables and actual program code.

If you’re not already using flowgorithm , you should be , or at least be using some equivalent solution.

However, Flowgorithm has one main drawback out of the box – it does not use the diamond shape for looping, as is  expected by CXC CAPE and CSEC; and also NCSE. Instead it uses this shape: a sort of diamond shape that’s been flattened vertically at the ends .   We need to make sure that it uses the diamond shape, also know as a rhombus.

We can fix this problem in 4 easy steps:

  1. Click on Edit
  2. Click on Choose Chart Style
  3. Choose Classic from the dropdown list under chart style
  4. And Click OK.

That’s it.

There are some other issues that you’ll encounter  when using flowgorithm – one issue is very obvious in this video. Did you catch it?

I’ll give you a hint, it’s got something to do with the arrows in the loop. How is it different from the loops in your CXC text book?

In any case, I’ll be covering how to manage this issue and others in another video.

Until next time , Bye!

Storyboard

In our next post, I’ll provide the templates with some inline instructions that you can use when creating your videos.

See post here: Video Brief Template With inline Instructions – Professional Video Creation (Part 6)

© 2021  Vedesh Kungebeharry. All rights reserved. 

The Video Script – Professional Video Creation (Part 4)

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The video script contains the narration or text that is used in the video, as well as a storyboard that will be used to show the sequencing of events in relation to the narration/text.

Although this is all that is needed to in this document, it is useful to also include the video rationale. This is useful because it allows for our video producer to choose appropriate source video clips from stock sites, and/or create appropriate graphics and/or video recordings that have a high level of relevance to our video production.

Recall the video that was created:

Below is the Video Script and rationale that was used:

Video Title: Football In two Sentences

 

 

TARGET DURATION:

 

Less than 30 seconds if possible

 

AUDIENCE:

Experts and beginner

GOAL:

Goals for me:

  • To get
    more people interested in football.
  • To
    create a video that is attractive and short so that the entire video is
    watched
  • To
    motivate the younger audience to share the video on social media

Goals for my audience: 

  • To start
    conversations  on social media that will educate newcomers about the
    sport.
  • To
    spread the word on football (increased awareness and popularity)
  • To
    entertain the audience with a crafty and quirky video.

 

Narration:

No narration is used. Only text on screen.  See storyboard

 

 

Storyboard

 

Visual

Narration/Text

Title screen with
catch music is shown 2-5 seconds

Football in Two
Sentences

Display video
of a football with some sort of slow moving graphics.

Football is a
team sport played y two opposing teams.

Show a live , exciting
video of a goal being sored and the jubilation felt from scoring the goal.
(The screams of the crowd should be audible over background music)

 

Show a
timelapse (sped up video) of a field
with players playing the sort from a distance.

The object of
the game is to get the football into the other team’s goal without using your
hands.

Similar title screen
graphic as used in intro.

Thanks for watching!

 

 

 

 

That’s it!

A more complex example is shown in this post: Complex example: Video Brief, Rationale & Script – Professional Video Creation (Part 5)

The Video Rationale Document – Professional Video Creation (Part 3)

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Recall:

A video rationale document is structured description of your video’s purpose, the intended audience, separate goals for you and your audience and the main supporting information that you need to include in your video’s content.

And our video that was created was :

The example video rationale is shown below:

Video Title: Football In two Sentences

TARGET DURATION:

Less than 30 seconds if possible

AUDIENCE:

Experts and beginner fans

Newcomers

Children around 13 years old in the UK

GOAL:

Goals for me:

  • To get more people interested in football.
  • To create a video that is attractive and short so that the entire video is watched
  • To motivate the younger audience to share the video on social media

Goals for my audience: 

  • To start conversations  on social media that will educate newcomers about the sport.
  • To spread the word on football (increased awareness and popularity)
  • To entertain the audience with a crafty and quirky video.

After considering our Video rationale, we no move onto the final stage of planning, which is the creation of the video script.

See the next post in the series here: The Video Script – Professional Video Creation (Part 4)

The Video Brief – Professional Video Creation (Part 2)

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A video brief structured description of your video’s purpose, why you are creating the video, and your intended audience.

If we spend time adding detail to our video brief, we can expand it to produce a justification for our video or video rationale document

A video rationale document is structured description of your video’s purpose, the intended audience, separate goals for you and your audience and the main supporting information that you need to include in your video’s content.

This is best understood by example. In a previous tutorial, we created this video:

Although the video seems mundane, it was created with a purpose that is not or never will be realized by the audience. The full brief is shown below:

What’s My video’s purpose?

To cleverly describe the sport of football (soccer) a briefly as possible.

Why

I want non players and newcomers to the sport to feel welcomed and understand that the sport is not complex, making the sport easier to be tolerated or adopted by different cultures.

I want to start conversation in social media about football from experts who find my explanation to simplistic, that way newcomers can benefit from an inclusive conversation.  

Who

People who know nothing about football People who know a lot , expert fans and players.

As you can see, the purpose of the video is rather abstract, as the video itself simply describes football in 2 sentences.

In our next post , we will examine the video rationale document as it applies to this video: The Video Rationale Document – Professional Video Creation (Part 3)

© 2021  Vedesh Kungebeharry. All rights reserved. 

Storyboards – Professional Video Creation (Part 1)

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A storyboard is a planning tool that shows the sequence of of events that you wish to produce in your video along with the accompanied narration and or visuals.

To create a a simple storyboard from source files, we use the following template:

VisualNarration/Text
  
  
  
  

An example of a storyboard showing four events using this template is shown below

Figure 1 – An example of a simple storyboard.

Storyboards can become very complex depending on the nature of the video being produced. An example of a single event for an animated movie is shown below:

Storyboarding template 02

One can use the storyboard as tool in isolation to create videos, but it worth considering your purpose and goals of your video by creating a video brief.

See the next post in this series: The Video Brief – Professional Video Creation (Part 2)

© 2021  Vedesh Kungebeharry. All rights reserved. 

Multiplexers

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A multiplexer is a combinational circuit having many inputs which allows for the outputting a single data input at a time by using selection input lines. A multiplexer has 2n data input lines , n select input lines and a single output.

Discussion by analogy : A Television remote control used to access 4 channels

Teacher describes a remote control with 2 buttons that can be toggled on and off to switch between 4 channels

A 4 to 1 multiplexer

4-to-1 multiplexer

The truth table is shown below:

s1s2Output at F
00x­1
01x2
10x­3
11x­4

Note that the data from any input line can be either a 0 or 1 instantaneously depending what the input at a the time. For example, let us consider the situation where over the next 4 cycles of execution on a cpu that

  • dataline x­1 produces 0011 on each cycle respectively,
  • dataline x­2 produces 1100 on each cycle respectively; and
  • during cycles 1 and 2, s1 and s2 are 0 and 0 respectively
  • during cycles 3 and 4, s1 and s2 are 0 and 1 respectively

The resulting output at f over the four cycles are 0000.

That is, two bits of data from x­1, then two bits of data from x­2.

In sequence , we selected x1 for 2 consecutive cycles, then x2 for another 2 consecutive cycles.

Special Note on Spelling: MultiplexEr or MultiplexOr ?

Using the Oxford English Dictionary, the original spelling is multiplexer, as evidenced by it’s widespread use. However it’s use in quotation is as early as 1961, the spelling as multiplexor appeared in quotation in 1957.

Despite this, It’s generally accepted that the original spelling is multiplexer, and multiplexor should be considered a variation on the.

See:

MultiplexEr: https://www.oed.com/search/advanced/Quotations?textTermText0=multiplexer&textTermOpt0=QuotText&quotDateFirstUse=all&page=1&sortOption=DateOldFirst

MultiplexOr: https://www.oed.com/search/advanced/Quotations?textTermText0=multiplexor&textTermOpt0=QuotText&quotDateFirstUse=all&page=1&sortOption=DateOldFirst

Attribution to media used in this post

User:Mdd4696, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Updates to this post

2023/11/25-

Added Special Note on Spelling: MultiplexEr or MultiplexOr ?

Changed Main spellings from multiplexor to multiplexer in note and URL

© 2021  Vedesh Kungebeharry. All rights reserved. 

The SR Flip-Flop – Practical Introduction

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This post is used for discussion in class.

In class demonstration

Teacher draws a SR latch using NOR gates  with top gate as g1 and bottom gate as g2.

R-S

Teacher draws a truth table for quick reference:

ABA NOR B
001
010
100
110

  • Scenario, Circuit Startup S=0, R=0 , Q=0  (Q’ is irrelevant and can be proven in a later scenario)
    • Input G2 becomes 0,
    • Q’ becomes 1
    •  Input G1 becomes 1
    • Q stays at 0 , circuit is stable in a consistent state.

  • Scenario: circuit in previous state, S becomes 1, r stays at 0, Q was 0 and Q’ is 1



  • Scenario: Same as previous state,  however S returns to 0.
    (Memory is Achieved)

  • Same as previous State, but R is set to 1


  • Same as previous state but R returns to 0

  • CHAOS!!! S and R set to 1.

Media Attrbution

No machine-readable author provided. Arturo Urquizo assumed (based on copyright claims)., CC BY 3.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons

© 2021  Vedesh Kungebeharry. All rights reserved. 

Flip Flops

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Combinational circuit: a circuit in which the output is dependent only on the input values, e.g a single gate

Sequential circuit: a circuit in which the output depends on the input values and the previous output, e.g a flip-flop

Required reading: Stallings 8th edition pg 20-25 (Chapter 20)

The reading can be accessed free at Mr. Stallings” website : http://williamstallings.com/ComputerOrganization/styled-2/

© 2021  Vedesh Kungebeharry. All rights reserved. 

Logic Gates – Formal Introduction

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In the previous example we used statements as propositions.  Computer logic is accomplished by using logic gates as building blocks.  A logic gate is a physical circuit which has electrical inputs and usually a single output.

Used in truth tables, we label each input and use truth values to represent weather or not an input is on or off. 

We use the value true , T , 1 to represent on and false , F , 0 to represent off.

Sometimes, On is refered to as a high voltage and off is referred to as a low or no voltage.

The most common gates are shown in the table below:

Gate

AND

OR

NOT

NAND

NOR

XOR

Symbol

AND ANSI Labelled

OR ANSI Labelled

Buffer ANSI Labelled

NAND ANSI Labelled

NOR ANSI Labelled

XOR ANSI Labelled

Inputs

 

A

B

Q=AB

Q=A+B

Q = A

Q= AB

Q=   A+B

Q= A ⊕ B

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

0

0

1

0

1

1

0

1

1

0

0

1

0

1

0

1

1

1

1

1

0

0

0

 

Description

Outputs 1 when all inputs are 1

Outputs 1 when ANY input is a 1

Inverts the input

Outputs 0 where all inputs are 1

Outputs 1 then both inputs are 0

Outputs 1 when exactly one input is 1

Outputs 0 otherwise

Outputs 0 otherwise

 

Outputs 1 otherwise

Outputs 0 otherwise

Outputs 0 otherwise

Typing the mathematical notation into most word processors can be challenging. Sometimes these worded expressions or symbols are used :

GateWorded expressionSymbol Expression
ANDA AND BA^B
ORA OR BA v B
NOTNOT A~A
NANDNOT( A AND B) ~(A^B)
NORNOT (A OR B)~(A v B)
XORA XOR BA ∨ B

© 2021  Vedesh Kungebeharry. All rights reserved. 

Logic Gates

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Logic gates are electronic combinational circuits which contain one or more electrical inputs and usually one output.

A combinational circuit’s output depends on the state of it’s inputs.

We use truth tables to document the  behaviour of a logic gates.

In class demonstration

Demonstrate an AND gate and describe with a truth table and in words

(Teacher constructs the truth table from description for a 2 input and a 3 input gate)

“An AND gate’s  output is true only when both inputs are true”

Homework/In class exercise

Draw the truth table for  the following gates

  1. AND
  2. OR
  3. NOT
  4. ExOR
  5. NAND

Describe their outputs or mode of operation using a well formed sentence in English. E.g “An AND gate’s  output is true only when both inputs are true”

© 2021  Vedesh Kungebeharry. All rights reserved.