This is the process of loading and executing the basic instructions to load the operating system to bring the system to a fully functional state  to be used for its intended purpose (initiated either by the user powering on the system or an autonomous system system e.g a network device , typically a router. See wake on lan)  .  For modern day systems, these instructions are usually hardcoded in the EEPROM.

Updates to this post

2023-09-15 – Added wake on LAN, and detailed to the initiation of the device.

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