Coins and Bills – Infants 2 Maths

October 4, 2026 Aven BrisailLeave a comment

Let us go shopping! To buy things, we use money. In Trinidad and Tobago we use dollars ($) and cents (¢).

Our coins

Look closely at the coins. The 5 cent coin shows a bird. The 10 cent coin shows a hibiscus flower. The 25 cent coin shows the chaconia, our national flower. It is the biggest of the three.

Our bills

the $1 bill is red
the $5 bill is green
the $10 bill is grey
the $20 bill is purple

Same value, different coins

Two 5¢ coins have the same value as one 10¢ coin.

5¢ + 5¢ = 10¢

There are different ways to make 25¢:

25¢
10¢ + 10¢ + 5¢
10¢ + 5¢ + 5¢ + 5¢
5¢ + 5¢ + 5¢ + 5¢ + 5¢

That is 4 ways! And $5 + $5 = $10.

Shopping words

The price is how much something costs. We pay the seller. If we give too much, the seller gives us change.

A sweet costs 10¢. You pay with a 25¢ coin. Your change is 15¢.

TRY ITFill the purse

Tap the money to put it in the purse. Make the amount shown.

My purse (tap money here to take it out):

Let’s practise

Try each one. Then tap Show answer to check.

1. How many 5¢ coins make 10¢?

Show answer

2. How many 5¢ coins make 25¢?

Show answer

3. Which bill is worth more: $5 or $20?

Show answer

$20.

4. How many $5 bills make $10?

Show answer

5. How many $10 bills make $20?

Show answer

6. A pencil costs 20¢. You have two 10¢ coins. Do you have enough?

Show answer

Yes. 10¢ + 10¢ = 20¢.

7. A juice costs $5. You pay with a $10 bill. What is your change?

Show answer

$5.

Quick check

1. Which coin shows a bird?

Show answer

The 5 cent coin.

2. Make 15¢ with two coins.

Show answer

10¢ + 5¢ = 15¢.

3. What colour is the $1 bill?

Show answer

Red.

Maths words

Say these words with a grown-up. Can you use each one in a sentence?

money · dollars · cents · coin · bill · price · cost · buy · sell · pay · change · value · too much · too little

Try it at home

Play shop! Put prices on toys or fruit (5¢, 10¢, 20¢). Take turns being the seller.
Sort real coins into piles by value.
Ask a grown-up to show you the colours of the bills.

For parents and teachers

After this lesson, your child should be able to:

name the 5¢, 10¢ and 25¢ coins and the $1, $5, $10 and $20 bills
show the same amount in different ways (for example 10¢ = 5¢ + 5¢)
use words like price, pay, cost and change when playing shop
decide if they have enough money, too much or too little

Note: the 1 cent coin is no longer used, so this lesson works with 5¢, 10¢ and 25¢ coins. Always supervise young children with real coins.

Previous: First to Tenth
Next: Patterns That Repeat and Grow

Attributions to media used in this post:

5 Trinidad and Tobago Cents (5105684593).jpg – Mark Morgan from Trinidad – CC BY 2.0 (via Wikimedia Commons)

10 Trinidad and Tobago Cents (5106280322).jpg – Mark Morgan from Trinidad – CC BY 2.0 (via Wikimedia Commons)

25 Trinidad and Tobago Cents (5106278120).jpg – Mark Morgan from Trinidad – CC BY 2.0 (via Wikimedia Commons)

First to Tenth – Infants 2 Maths

October 4, 2026 Aven BrisailLeave a comment

In a race, who is first? Who is second? Today we learn the words that tell us the position of something in a line.

Words for position

Number	Position word	Short way
1	first	1st
2	second	2nd
3	third	3rd
4	fourth	4th
5	fifth	5th
6	sixth	6th
7	seventh	7th
8	eighth	8th
9	ninth	9th
10	tenth	10th

Where do we start?

Always check where the line begins. In a race, the runner nearest the finish line is first. In a line at the shop, the person nearest the cashier is first.

🏁 🐢 🐇 🐕 🐈 🐓

The finish flag is on the left. The turtle is first. The rabbit is second. The dog is third. The cat is fourth. The rooster is fifth.

TRY ITWho is first?

The cars are racing to the finish line on the left. The car nearest the line is first.

Let’s practise

Try each one. Then tap Show answer to check.

1. Look at the race above. Which animal is third?

Show answer

The dog.

2. Look at the race above. What position is the cat?

Show answer

Fourth (4th).

3. Monday is the first school day of the week. What is the second school day?

Show answer

Tuesday.

4. Ten children stand in a line. Who is last?

Show answer

The tenth child.

5. What comes after seventh?

Show answer

Eighth.

6. Write “ninth” the short way.

Show answer

9th.

Quick check

1. Which word comes after third?

Show answer

Fourth.

2. Ana is 5th in the line. How many children are in front of her?

Show answer

4 children.

3. What is the short way to write “second”?

Show answer

2nd.

Maths words

Say these words with a grown-up. Can you use each one in a sentence?

position · first · second · third · last · beginning · end · next

Try it at home

Line up 10 toys. Ask: “Which toy is sixth?” Then swap roles.
In a queue at the shop, say what position you are in.
Have a race with family members. Who came first, second and third?

For parents and teachers

After this lesson, your child should be able to:

use the words first to tenth to describe position
find the beginning of a line before naming positions
read the short forms 1st to 10th

Children often mix up “sixth” and “six”. Ask “how many?” and “which one?” questions so they hear the difference.

Previous: More, Less and About How Many?
Next: Coins and Bills

More, Less and About How Many? – Infants 2 Maths

October 4, 2026 Aven BrisailLeave a comment

Which group has more? Which has fewer? And can you make a good guess of how many there are without counting? Let us find out!

More, fewer or the same

To compare two groups, line them up side by side. The group with things left over has more.

🥭🥭🥭🥭🥭🥭
🍊🍊🍊🍊

There are 6 mangoes and 4 oranges. There are more mangoes. There are fewer oranges. 6 is 2 more than 4.

Putting numbers in order

We can put numbers in order from the smallest to the biggest: 3, 9, 14, 20. Or from the biggest to the smallest: 20, 14, 9, 3.

About how many? Estimating

To estimate means to make a good guess. A good helper is the number 10. First look at what 10 things look like. Then look at a new group. Is it less than 10, about 10, or more than 10? Then count to check!

TRY ITMore, less and about 10

Choose a game. Then tap your answer.

Let’s practise

Try each one. Then tap Show answer to check.

1. Which is more: 12 or 8?

Show answer

12.

2. Which is fewer: 5 cars or 9 cars?

Show answer

5 cars.

3. Tia has 7 sweets. Ravi has 7 sweets. Who has more?

Show answer

Neither. They have the same.

4. Order from smallest to biggest: 17, 4, 11

Show answer

4, 11, 17.

5. Order from biggest to smallest: 6, 19, 13

Show answer

19, 13, 6.

6. A jar has 18 marbles. Is that less than 10, about 10, or more than 10?

Show answer

More than 10.

Quick check

1. Is 15 more or less than 10?

Show answer

More.

2. How many more is 9 than 6?

Show answer

3 more.

3. What does “estimate” mean?

Show answer

To make a good guess of how many, and then check by counting.

Maths words

Say these words with a grown-up. Can you use each one in a sentence?

more · fewer · less · the same as · most · least · estimate · about · order

Try it at home

Grab a handful of beans. Guess how many. Then count. Was your guess close?
Make a group of 10 spoons. Use it to help you guess other groups.
Compare two piles of clothes pegs by lining them up. Which pile has more?

For parents and teachers

After this lesson, your child should be able to:

compare two groups and say which has more, fewer or the same
order three numbers up to 20
estimate how many are in a group using 10 as a helper, then check by counting

Praise good guesses, not just exact ones. The aim is a sensible estimate (“about 10”, “lots more than 10”), then counting to check.

Previous: Numbers 11 to 20 and the Number Line
Next: First to Tenth

Attributions to media used in this post:

Coconut Vendor, Marabella, Trinidad and Tobago.JPG – Kalamazadkhan – CC BY-SA 3.0 (via Wikimedia Commons)

Numbers 11 to 20 and the Number Line – Infants 2 Maths

October 4, 2026 Aven BrisailLeave a comment

Numbers live on a number line. It is like a road with a number at every step. Today we explore the numbers from 0 to 20.

The number line

0 – 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 6 – 7 – 8 – 9 – 10 – 11 – 12 – 13 – 14 – 15 – 16 – 17 – 18 – 19 – 20

As we move to the right, the numbers get bigger. As we move to the left, they get smaller.

Before, after and between

The number before 14 is 13.
The number after 14 is 15.
The number between 16 and 18 is 17.

Teen numbers: ten and some more

The numbers 11 to 19 are made of ten and some more.

Number	Ten and …	Word
11	10 and 1	eleven
12	10 and 2	twelve
13	10 and 3	thirteen
14	10 and 4	fourteen
15	10 and 5	fifteen
16	10 and 6	sixteen
17	10 and 7	seventeen
18	10 and 8	eighteen
19	10 and 9	nineteen
20	10 and 10	twenty

TRY ITThe number line game

Use the number line. Tap the right answer.

Let’s practise

Try each one. Then tap Show answer to check.

1. What number comes just before 11?

Show answer

10.

2. What number is between 18 and 20?

Show answer

19.

3. Fill the gap: 12, 13, ___, 15

Show answer

14.

4. Fill the gaps: 16, ___, 18, ___, 20

Show answer

17 and 19.

5. Ten and 6 more makes ___.

Show answer

16.

6. 17 is ten and ___ more.

Show answer

7. Count down: 20, 19, 18, ___, ___

Show answer

17, 16.

Quick check

1. Which is bigger: 13 or 19?

Show answer

19. It is further to the right on the number line.

2. Put these in order from smallest: 15, 11, 20, 8

Show answer

8, 11, 15, 20.

3. What is ten and 10 more?

Show answer

20 (twenty).

Maths words

Say these words with a grown-up. Can you use each one in a sentence?

number line · before · after · between · teen numbers · ten and … more · order

Try it at home

Make a number line with chalk on the step or with paper on the floor. Hop from number to number.
Ask: “I am thinking of the number after 15. What is it?” Then swap.
Use 10 bottle caps and some more to show teen numbers, for example 10 and 4 more is 14.

For parents and teachers

After this lesson, your child should be able to:

find the number before, after or between numbers up to 20
fill in missing numbers on a number line
count up from 0 and down from 20
order numbers to 20 from smallest to largest
describe numbers 11 to 19 as ten and some more
match numerals and number names

Seeing teen numbers as “ten and some more” is the first step towards place value. Ten-frames (egg boxes cut to 10 cups) are great for this.

Previous: How Many? Counting to 20
Next: More, Less and About How Many?

How Many? Counting to 20 – Infants 2 Maths

October 4, 2026 Aven BrisailLeave a comment

How many mangoes are in the bowl? How many children are in the line? Today we learn to count carefully, all the way to 20.

Touch and count

Touch each thing one time as you say a number. Do not skip any. Do not count any thing twice.

The last number you say tells you how many there are.

🥭 🥭 🥭 🥭 🥭 → 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. There are 5 mangoes.

Move them around

If we move the mangoes around, do we have more? No! We still have the same number. Moving things does not change how many there are.

Zero means none

If the bowl is empty, there are zero mangoes. We write zero like this: 0.

Quick look

Sometimes we can see how many without counting, like the dots on a dice. Look at ⚅. It has 6 dots: two rows of three.

TRY ITHow many?

Tap each mango as you count. Then tap how many there are.

Let’s practise

Try each one. Then tap Show answer to check.

1. Count: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐. How many stars?

Show answer

7 stars.

2. Count: 🐟🐟🐟🐟🐟🐟🐟🐟🐟🐟🐟🐟. How many fish?

Show answer

12 fish.

3. Sam counted 9 crayons. Then he moved them into a circle. How many crayons are there now?

Show answer

Still 9. Moving them does not change how many.

4. There are no birds on the wire. How many birds is that?

Show answer

Zero (0).

5. Write the number for “fifteen”.

Show answer

15.

6. Write the word for 18.

Show answer

eighteen.

Quick check

1. When you count, which number tells you how many?

Show answer

The last number you say.

2. Count: 🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌. How many bananas?

Show answer

16 bananas.

3. Is 0 more or less than 1?

Show answer

Less. Zero means none.

Maths words

Say these words with a grown-up. Can you use each one in a sentence?

how many · count · zero · none · the same · eleven · twelve · twenty

Try it at home

Count the plates and spoons when you set the table.
Put up to 20 small things (bottle caps, beans or shells) in a pile. Count them, mix them up and count again. Is it the same?
Roll a dice. Say how many dots without counting one by one.
Find the numbers 0 to 20 on a calendar, a clock or a ruler.

For parents and teachers

After this lesson, your child should be able to:

count up to 20 objects, touching each one once
say that the last number counted tells how many
explain that moving objects around does not change how many there are
understand that zero means none
read and write numbers and number names to twenty
recognise small groups of dots (up to 10) without counting one by one

Watch for counting too fast and touching an object twice. Lining objects up or moving each one to a “counted” pile helps.

Previous: Counting to 100 and Skip Counting
Next: Numbers 11 to 20 and the Number Line

Attributions to media used in this post:

Mango ‘Julie’ Fruits.jpg – Filo gèn’ – CC BY-SA 4.0 (via Wikimedia Commons)

Domino — 2021 — 6759.jpg – Dietmar Rabich – CC BY-SA 4.0 (via Wikimedia Commons)

Counting to 100 and Skip Counting – Infants 2 Maths

October 4, 2026 Aven BrisailLeave a comment

Hello! Today we are going to count all the way to 100. We will also learn to count in 2s and 5s. Get ready to count out loud!

Counting forward to 100

When we count forward, each number is one more than the number before it.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 …

After 10 comes 11, 12, 13 … all the way up to 100. A hundred chart helps us. Each row has 10 numbers. The numbers in a row go up by one. The numbers in a column go up by ten.

You can start counting from any number. Try starting at 37: 37, 38, 39, 40, 41.

Counting backward

When we count backward, each number is one less. It is like a rocket getting ready to blast off!

10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 – blast off! 🚀

Try counting back from 64: 64, 63, 62, 61, 60, 59.

Counting in 2s and 5s

Skip counting is a quick way to count. We jump over some numbers.

In 2s from 0: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20
In 2s from 1: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19
In 5s from 0: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20

Count your shoes in 2s. Count your fingers in 5s. Two hands make 10 fingers!

TRY ITHundred chart and “What comes next?”

Look at the numbers. What number comes next? Tap your answer.

Tap any number on the chart to hear it.

Let’s practise

Try each one. Then tap Show answer to check.

1. What number comes after 29?

Show answer

30. 29 and one more is 30.

2. What number comes before 70?

Show answer

69.

3. Count on: 46, 47, 48, ___

Show answer

49.

4. Count back: 83, 82, 81, ___

Show answer

80.

5. Count in 2s: 8, 10, 12, ___

Show answer

14.

6. Count in 5s: 5, 10, 15, ___

Show answer

20.

7. Count back in 2s: 20, 18, 16, ___

Show answer

14.

Quick check

1. What number comes after 99?

Show answer

100 – one hundred!

2. Count in 2s from 1: 1, 3, 5, ___, ___

Show answer

7, 9.

3. How many fingers are on 4 hands? Count in 5s.

Show answer

5, 10, 15, 20. There are 20 fingers.

Maths words

Say these words with a grown-up. Can you use each one in a sentence?

count forward · count backward · one more · one less · hundred · skip count · next

Try it at home

Count the steps as you walk up the stairs. Count back as you walk down.
Count pairs of socks in 2s.
Do a “rocket count” from 20 back to 0. Jump up at zero!
Say the numbers from 50 to 100 while a grown-up points to them on a calendar or a chart.

For parents and teachers

After this lesson, your child should be able to:

count forwards and backwards in ones from any number up to 100
use a hundred chart to find the next and the previous number
count in 2s (from 0 and from 1) and in 5s (from 0) up to 20 and back

Tip: start counting from different numbers (e.g. 47, not always 1). The jump from 29 to 30 or from 69 to 70 is often the tricky part.

Previous: Infants 2 lessons (all subjects)
Next: How Many? Counting to 20

Attributions to media used in this post:

Scarlet ibis (Eudocimus ruber) roosting.jpg – Charles J. Sharp – CC BY-SA 4.0 (via Wikimedia Commons)