Adding to 20 – Infants 2 Maths

When we put groups together, we add. Adding makes the group bigger. Today we add numbers up to 20.

Joining

There are 5 birds in a tree. 3 more birds fly in. How many birds are there now?

🐦🐦🐦🐦🐦 + 🐦🐦🐦

We can count on from 5: six, seven, eight. There are 8 birds.

5 + 3 = 8

We say: “five plus three equals eight”.

Two groups make a whole

Kai has 6 red marbles and 4 blue marbles. How many marbles does he have altogether? 6 + 4 = 10.

Hop on the number line

To add 9 + 4, start at 9 and hop 4 steps to the right: 10, 11, 12, 13. So 9 + 4 = 13.

Adding three numbers

3 + 2 + 5: first 3 + 2 = 5, then 5 + 5 = 10.

Adding going down

We can also write sums going down. Line up the numbers on the right.

  12
+  5
────
  17

Adding money

A mango costs 10¢ and a plum costs 5¢. Together they cost 10¢ + 5¢ = 15¢.

TRY ITNumber stories: adding

Read the story. Use the counters or the number line. Tap the answer.

Let’s practise

Try each one. Then tap Show answer to check.

1. 4 + 3 = ☐

Show answer

7

2. 8 + 6 = ☐

Show answer

14

3. 10 + 7 = ☐

Show answer

17

4. 2 + 5 + 3 = ☐

Show answer

10

5. Mia has 9 shells. She finds 5 more. How many shells now?

Show answer

14 shells. 9 + 5 = 14.

6. A pencil costs $5 and a book costs $10. How much altogether?

Show answer

$15.

7. 11 + 8 = ☐ (write it going down)

Show answer

19.

Quick check

1. What happens to a group when we add to it?

Show answer

It gets bigger.

2. Make up a story for 7 + 2 = 9.

Show answer

Any story, for example: 7 ducks were in the pond and 2 more came. Now there are 9 ducks.

3. 6 + 6 + 6 = ☐

Show answer

18.

Maths words

Say these words with a grown-up. Can you use each one in a sentence?

add · plus (+) · equals (=) · altogether · in all · more · total · count on · number sentence

Try it at home

  • Use bottle caps or beans to act out adding stories.
  • At the shop, add the prices of two small things.
  • Tell a grown-up an adding story. They write the number sentence. Then swap.

For parents and teachers

After this lesson, your child should be able to:

  • add by joining groups and by putting two parts together to make a whole
  • add two or three numbers with totals up to 20
  • count on and use a number line to add
  • solve adding problems told aloud, in pictures, with money, and written across or going down
  • write and make up addition number sentences and stories

Encourage counting on from the bigger number (for 3 + 9, start at 9) rather than counting everything from 1.

Previous: Equal and Not Equal
Next: Taking Away within 20

© 2026 Vedesh Kungebeharry. All rights reserved.

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